Question

How do spacecraft measure the minerals present on the surface of Mars?

a) By tasting the soil with robotic tongues
b) By analyzing the magnetic properties of rocks
c) Using spectrometers to analyze the reflected light from the surface
d) By drilling into the surface and examining core samples

Answer 1

Spacecraft measure the minerals present on the surface of Mars by using spectrometers to analyze the reflected light from the surface.

Step-by-step explanation:

The correct answer is c) Using spectrometers to analyze the reflected light from the surface.

Spectrometers are instruments used to measure the properties of light. In the case of Mars, spacecraft use spectrometers to analyze the light reflected from the surface. Different minerals have unique reflection patterns, and by studying the spectrum of light, scientists can identify the minerals present on the surface of Mars.

For example, if a spectrometer detects a strong absorption band in the visible or infrared range, it can indicate the presence of iron oxide minerals like hematite or magnetite. By analyzing the reflected light, scientists can gain valuable insights into the composition of the Martian surface.