Final answer:
The chemical composition of bone reflects environmental exposure and dietary habits, influenced by the intake of vitamins and minerals, and regulated by hormones and genetic factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The chemical composition of bone reflects dietary habits and nutrition as well as environmental exposure. Complex interactions between nutrients, hormones, and genetic factors play critical roles in bone health and growth. Calcium, which is essential for bone structure, must be obtained through the diet since it cannot be produced biologically. Vitamins such as D, K, and C and minerals like phosphorous and magnesium are vital for bone mineralization and health. Hormones including growth hormone, thyroxine, estrogen, and testosterone as well as parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulate bone growth, density, and maintenance. Environmental factors like pollutants or fluoride in water can also affect bone chemistry. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Environmental exposure, though dietary habits also significantly impact bone composition, which is not an option given here.