Final answer:
A division of labor refers to the specialization of tasks or occupations within a society. The people of Mesopotamia were able to start a division of labor due to factors such as the development of agriculture, the presence of social hierarchies, and the need for specialized skills.
Step-by-step explanation:
A division of labor refers to the specialization of tasks or occupations within a society where different individuals or groups focus on specific roles or jobs. The people of Mesopotamia were able to start a division of labor due to several factors. Firstly, the development of agriculture allowed for a surplus of food, which freed up some individuals from the immediate need for food production and enabled them to engage in other activities. Additionally, the presence of social hierarchies, wealth accumulation, and the need for specialized skills in areas such as craftsmanship, trade, and administration contributed to the establishment of a division of labor in Mesopotamia.