Final answer:
Homologous chromosomes align at the metaphase plate during Metaphase I of meiosis, which is crucial for genetic diversity in the resulting gametes.
Step-by-step explanation:
During meiosis, homologous chromosomes align along the metaphase plate during Metaphase I. It is at this phase that the paired homologous chromosomes lie down in the middle of the cell, ready for the microtubules to attach to their kinetochores.
The alignment of these chromosomes is random, contributing to genetic diversity by ensuring that each gamete receives a mix of chromosomes from both the mother and the father.