Final answer:
Hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes can be caused by factors such as insulin deficiency, excess insulin antagonists, defective insulin receptors, high insulin doses, and renal dysfunction.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes can be caused by various factors:
- Deficiency of insulin (Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus or type-I diabetes)
- Excess of insulin antagonists like glucagon, epinephrine, GH etc.
- Defective or absence of insulin receptors on the cells (Insulin Independent Diabetes Mellitus or type-II diabetes)
- During insulin therapy, if the insulin dose is too high, it can lead to hypoglycemia
- In renal dysfunction, hypoglycemia can occur due to non-reabsorption of filtered glucose by the kidney tubules
These factors can contribute to low blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes.