Final answer:
The statement is false; Egyptians used hieroglyphics while Sumerians used cuneiform, both distinct forms of ancient writing.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the Sumerians used a picture-based form of writing called hieroglyphics is false. The ancient Egyptians used hieroglyphics, which were complex symbols that evolved over time from pictures. In contrast, the Sumerians developed a form of writing known as cuneiform, originating as pictographs but evolving into a system made up of wedge-shaped symbols that represented sounds rather than just images or ideas. Both cuneiform and hieroglyphics were significant forms of writing in the ancient world, but they are distinct and originate from different cultures and regions.