Final answer:
Isolatable components in a larger sentence or phrase are called syntactic elements.
Step-by-step explanation:
In language, isolatable components in a larger sentence or phrase are called syntactic elements. These elements can be words, phrases, or clauses that can be separated from the sentence or phrase without disrupting its grammatical structure or meaning.
For example, in the sentence 'The cat is sleeping on the mat,' the syntactic elements are 'the cat,' 'is sleeping,' and 'on the mat,' each of which can be isolated and understood independently.
Therefore, the correct answer is option c) Syntactic elements.