Final answer:
Volcanic eruptions and earthquakes are not driven by solar energy; they are the result of the Earth's internal heat and tectonic activity. Other processes like weather and the water cycle are influenced by solar energy, but geologic events are endogenous processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The events not driven by solar energy are volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. These geological processes are powered by the Earth's internal heat, which comes from the decay of radioactive materials and the residual heat from the Earth's formation. In contrast, processes like precipitation, erosion, and ocean currents are largely driven by solar energy, which heats the Earth's surface and atmosphere, leading to weather patterns and influencing the water cycle.
Volcanic eruptions and earthquakes fall under the category of endogenous processes, meaning they originate from within the Earth. They are not affected by changes in solar intensity, the Earth's orbit, or solar activity. Global temperatures have been influenced by human activities since the Industrial Revolution, and while natural influences, such as volcanic activity, play a role in climate variability, they do not solely drive climate change. Additionally, events like the creation of the Hawaiian island chain are due to volcanic activity, which is related to the movement of tectonic plates, not solar energy.