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Forms of Alternative Dispute Resolution ("ADR") include all of the following except:

a) Mediation.
b) Arbitration.
c) Litigation.
d) Negotiation.

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User Song Bee
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Final answer:

Among the provided options, litigation is not a form of Alternative Dispute Resolution; instead, it is the traditional court process that ADR methods like mediation, arbitration, and negotiation aim to provide alternatives to.

Step-by-step explanation:

Forms of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) include options for parties to resolve disputes without going through traditional court litigation. ADR typically includes mediation, where a neutral third party assists the disputing parties in voluntarily reaching a mutually acceptable settlement; arbitration, where a dispute is submitted to a neutral third party or a panel who renders a decision that can be binding or non-binding; and negotiation, where parties come to a resolution amongst themselves directly, often with the assistance of their legal representatives.

On the other hand, litigation involves taking a case to court to be resolved by a judge or jury, making it not a form of ADR but rather the traditional process that ADR seeks to provide alternatives to. Therefore, within the options provided, c) Litigation is the correct option as it is not a form of ADR.

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User Dan Evans
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