Final answer:
Climatology is the study of climate over long periods, while hydrology focuses on water behavior in the environment during and after a storm.
Step-by-step explanation:
Climatology is the study of the climate, averaged weather conditions over long time periods, using atmospheric data. Climatologists study patterns and effects that occur over decades, centuries, and millennia, rather than shorter time frames of hours, days, and weeks like meteorologists. Hydrology is the field of study that focuses on water in the environment, including its distribution, movement, and quality. During and after a storm, hydrology examines how water behaves in a watershed, which refers to an area of land that drains into a common waterway such as a river or lake.