Final answer:
The term for vomiting is emesis, which is a process regulated by the medulla and involves the forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term that refers to vomiting is b) Emesis. Emesis, or vomiting, is the expulsion of the contents of the stomach through the mouth. This process can happen for various reasons, such as the presence of irritants in the digestive tract like viruses, bacteria, or due to an individual's emotional state.
The process is driven by strong muscular contractions of the stomach and is controlled by the medulla in the brain.