Final answer:
The Bequerel (Bq) measures the amount or quantity of radioactivity in terms of decay per second; option D) Decay, second is the correct answer.
Step-by-step explanation:
The standard unit of amount or quantity of radioactivity is the Bequerel (Bq) which measures the decay per second. So, the correct answer is D) Decay, second. One becquerel (Bq) is defined as the activity of a quantity of radioactive material in which one nucleus decays per second. This unit reflects the rate at which a certain amount of radioactive substance undergoes transmutation. The unit curie (Ci), which is a larger unit of measurement compared with the Bq, is also used particularly in medicine, described as 3.7 × 10¹⁰ decays per second.