Final answer:
The Shaheed Minar memorializes the struggle for linguistic identity, specifically the right to speak Bengali in East Pakistan, against imposed Urdu as the sole national language.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cultural element at the root of the conflict memorialized by the Shaheed Minar is B. Linguistic identity. The Shaheed Minar is a national monument in Dhaka, Bangladesh, established to commemorate the Bengali Language Movement that took place in 1952. At the time, the government of Pakistan attempted to impose Urdu as the sole national language, which led to protests and loss of life among the Bengali-speaking majority in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh). The monument stands as a symbol of the struggle to preserve Bengali linguistic and cultural identity against imposed linguistic uniformity.