Final answer:
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a condition that can cause a decrease in respiratory rate (RR) and is at risk for developing due to a deficient amount of surfactant in the lungs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition that causes a decrease in respiratory rate (RR) is respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), which primarily occurs in infants born prematurely. RDS results from insufficient production of pulmonary surfactant, making it difficult for the lungs to properly inflate at birth. This leads to dyspnea (shortness of breath) and improper gas exchange. The blood oxygen levels are low, while the blood carbon dioxide levels and pH are high.