Final answer:
The urinary system's responsibilities include filtering blood, excreting wastes, regulating electrolytes, and maintaining acid-base balance, but it does not absorb water to compact waste, which is a function of the large intestine.
Step-by-step explanation:
The urinary system does all of the following except absorb water to compact waste. The main function of the urinary system, which includes the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra, is to filter the blood to eliminate waste products of metabolism, such as urea and uric acid, excess water, and mineral ions by forming and excreting urine.
In addition to waste elimination, the urinary system maintains homeostasis of mineral ions in extracellular fluid, regulates acid-base balance in the blood, controls the volume of extracellular fluids, regulates blood pressure, and reabsorbs water throughout nephron tubules back into capillaries.
However, the absorption of water to compact waste is not a function of the urinary system; rather, this is typically associated with the large intestine's role in the digestive system.