Final answer:
Health care providers and institutions who disclose confidential health information may face civil and/or criminal liability for disclosure.
Step-by-step explanation:
Health care providers and health care institutions who disclose confidential health information may face civil and/or criminal liability for disclosure. It is important for health care providers and institutions to maintain the privacy and confidentiality of patient information, in accordance with laws such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Violations of patient privacy can result in legal consequences, including civil lawsuits and criminal charges.