Final answer:
President Madison informed Congress about Great Britain's interference with American trade, support for Native American resistance against U.S. expansion, and the impressment of American sailors, all of which contributed to the outbreak of the War of 1812.
Step-by-step explanation:
President Madison explained to Congress that Great Britain was engaging in several aggressive actions that were detrimental to the United States, leading to the War of 1812. These included:
- Interfering with trade by continuing to harass American shipping which had major economic effects on the U.S. due to the policies like the Non-Intercourse Act and Macon's Bill Number 2, which attempted to resolve these issues but ultimately failed.
- Supporting Indian attacks on the American frontier, by backing Native American resistance to U.S. western expansion, exacerbating teyynsions between settlers and native populations.
- Impressment of sailors, where American seamen were forcibly taken at sea to serve on British warships. This practice was a severe violation of American sovereignty and was a leading cause of outrage against Britain.
Despite his efforts to find non-military solutions, Madison eventually called for a declaration of war on June 1, 1812, convinced that all other options had been exhausted.