Final answer:
The live tissue at the base of the nail is called the eponychium, also known as the cuticle, which is crucial for nail health and protection. Therefore, the correct option is 2.
Step-by-step explanation:
The live tissue at the base of the nail is called the eponychium, also known as the cuticle. This nail fold meets the proximal end of the nail body and serves as a protective barrier, preventing pathogens from entering the nail matrix and causing infections. The eponychium is an essential component of nail anatomy, contributing to the overall health and proper growth of the nail.