Final answer:
Excess maternal body weight during pregnancy increases the risk of gestational diabetes, hypertension, preeclampsia, and may require a cesarean section. Obesity also poses risks for the unborn child, including future obesity and cardiovascular problems. Balanced diet and exercise are important for maintaining a healthy pregnancy weight.
Step-by-step explanation:
Excess maternal body weight increases the risk of several health complications during pregnancy. It is well-documented that obesity in expectant mothers can lead to adverse outcomes such as gestational diabetes, hypertension, preeclampsia, and an increased likelihood of requiring a cesarean section. Moreover, not only does maternal obesity affect the mother's health, but it also heightens the risk of future health problems for the child, including a greater probability of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Maintaining a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise is crucial to minimize these risks. During the course of a normal pregnancy, weight gain should be monitored, as well as caloric intake — with only an additional 300 calories needed daily during the last trimester.