Final answer:
The presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in the blood suggests that the individual is currently infected with hepatitis B virus. The hepatitis B vaccine can prevent such an infection by inducing an immune response to HBsAg.
Step-by-step explanation:
The presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in blood indicates that the individual is infected with hepatitis B virus. HBsAg is a protein produced by the virus during infection and its presence in the bloodstream is a direct indicator of viral infection. HBeAg is another viral protein associated with viral replication and its presence suggests active replication of the virus, indicating an ongoing infection rather than past exposure or immunity. Therefore, individuals with both HBsAg and HBeAg are currently infected with the hepatitis B virus and may transmit the virus to others.
Vaccination is available to prevent the infection, and is particularly recommended for newborns, healthcare workers, and high-risk adults. The hepatitis B vaccine includes HBsAg to stimulate an immune response without causing the disease. This vaccine is effective in preventing hepatitis B virus infection.