Final answer:
The best model that represents atomic theory after Rutherford's discoveries is the Rutherford planetary model of the atom, featuring electrons orbiting a central nucleus, which was later refined by Niels Bohr.
Step-by-step explanation:
The model that best represents atomic theory after Rutherford's results were discovered is the one that follows his description of the atom as having a tiny, dense, positively charged core called a nucleus, surrounded by lighter, negatively charged electrons. This depiction is known as Rutherford's planetary model of the atom, which likened the atom to a mini solar system where the electrons orbit the nucleus similar to planets orbiting the sun. However, Rutherford’s model was later elaborated upon by Niels Bohr, who proposed that electrons could only occupy certain orbits, or energy levels, around the nucleus, resolving issues that Rutherford's model could not, such as why atoms emitted light at specific frequencies.