Final answer:
A myelinated axon transmits signals faster with less energy consumption, while an unmyelinated axon requires more ATP for continuous conduction.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a myelinated axon, the myelin sheath acts as an insulator, preventing the signals from jumping between adjacent nerves (also known as cross talk). This insulation allows for fast transmission of electrical signals, as there is no action potential in the myelinated regions, resulting in less energy consumption. On the other hand, unmyelinated axons lack this insulating sheath, leading to slower signal transmission and a greater requirement for ATP (energy) to maintain the continuous conduction of the electrical signals along the axon.