Final answer:
The Charter, as part of the Constitution, is indeed powerful in protecting against improper government conduct, which aligns with the intent of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights to limit government powers and protect individual liberties. The statement regarding the necessary and proper clause limiting government power is false; it actually extends Congressional powers. Pennsylvania had a radical and democratic constitution, contrary to the claim of being conservative.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'The Charter is a powerful constitutional document because it provides protection from improper or oppressive government conduct' is true. The Constitution, in general, is designed to limit the power of the national government, which is why this specific clause, known as the necessary and proper clause, does not limit but rather extends the powers of Congress. This means that historical answer provided in the multiple-choice selection is false. The Constitution and the Bill of Rights, in particular, establish protections for individual liberties and define actions the government cannot take, ensuring the blessings of liberty by outlining basic rights such as freedom of speech, press, religion, and assembly, among others.
In the context of the Revolutionary Era, it is false that Pennsylvania adopted one of the most conservative constitutions; in fact, it was among the most radical and democratic at the time. Lastly, regarding the Glorious Revolution, John Locke did see it as a legitimate transfer of power, which comports with his theories on the consent of the governed and right to revolution, thus making the answer true.