Final answer:
At 0 degrees elongation, a superior planet is at aphelion, the farthest point from the Sun in its orbit.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a superior planet is on the far side of the sun at an elongation of 0 degrees, the planet is said to be at aphelion. This is the point in its orbit where the planet is farthest from the Sun.
In the case of Earth's Moon or satellites orbiting Earth, this point is referred to as apogee. Understanding these points is crucial when studying Kepler's laws of planetary motion and the Copernican model of the solar system. The aphelion is the part of the elliptical orbit where the planet's velocity is the slowest, due to its maximum distance from the Sun's gravitational pull.