Final answer:
Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) has a genetic disposition, making certain dogs more susceptible to this allergic skin condition. cAD is a manifestation of Type I hypersensitivity, which involves an overactive immune response to normally harmless substances resulting in skin inflammation and itching.
Step-by-step explanation:
Is Canine Atopic Dermatitis (cAD) Genetic?
Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a common allergic skin disease in dogs that is similar to atopic dermatitis in humans. It is characterized by chronic itching, skin inflammation, and a predisposition to skin infections. While the cause of canine atopic dermatitis is multifactorial and can include environmental allergens, genetics play a critical role in a dog's susceptibility to cAD. Dogs with certain hereditary predispositions are more likely to develop cAD, indicating a genetic component to this disease. However, it should be noted that not all cases are hereditary and can result from environmental factors as well.
Hypersensitivity refers to an excessive or inappropriate immune system response to a substance that is normally harmless. There are four types of hypersensitivity, and cAD would fall under Type I hypersensitivity, which is an immediate allergic reaction. This is the same category that includes allergies to substances such as pollen, foods, or insect venom. The pathophysiology of cAD involves an overactive immune response, where the immune system overreacts to allergens, leading to skin inflammation and discomfort for the animal.