Final answer:
The analytic technique for determining why a defective repair contributed to an incident is called fault tree analysis (FTA), which uses a graphical model to map out all possible causes leading to an incident.
Step-by-step explanation:
The analytic technique best suited for analyzing why a defective repair occurred and contributed to an incident is the fault tree analysis (FTA). FTA is a deductive, systematic approach used in analyzing the causes of system failures. It is depicted as a graphical model of the various parallel and sequential combinations of faults that result in the occurrence of a predefined top event, typically an undesired state of the system.
To apply FTA, the safety engineer would define the top event as the incident occurred. Then, using a top-down approach, she would map out all possible causes that could lead to this event, including defective repairs. Each cause is represented as a node in the tree, and these nodes are connected by logical gates (AND, OR) that define the relationship between the causes. The FTA would continue to break down each potential cause to find the root cause of the defect in the repair process.
This approach differs from safety sampling, audit programs, and positive tree analysis. Safety sampling involves randomly inspecting items or situations to detect unsafe conditions, while audit programs systematically review safety procedures and compliance. Positive tree analysis is not a recognized technique and may be a misprint or misunderstanding of a different analytic method.