Final answer:
The effector mechanisms of antibody-mediated diseases include complement activation and phagocytosis, T-cell activation and cytokine release, and mast cell degranulation and histamine release.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effector mechanisms of antibody-mediated diseases involve several immune system effectors. One of these mechanisms is complement activation and phagocytosis, which occur when IgG or IgM antibodies bind to cellular antigens and lead to complement activation and cell lysis. Another mechanism is T-cell activation and cytokine release, which occurs when T-cells are activated by antibodies and release cytokines that mediate immune responses. Mast cell degranulation and histamine release is also an effector mechanism, where IgG binding to antibody receptors on mast cells leads to mast cell degranulation and the release of histamine.