Final answer:
The P-chart is the control chart that uses attributes data to track the proportion of defective items in a sample, suitable for categorical data monitoring.
Step-by-step explanation:
The control chart that uses attributes is the P-chart. Control charts are used in statistical quality control to monitor the quality of manufacturing processes. There are different types of control charts, including those that use variables data (such as measurements) and those that use attributes data (such as the number of defects).
The X-bar chart and the R-chart are used with continuous data to monitor the average and range of process variations, respectively. The C-chart is used for monitoring the number of defects per unit when the number of opportunities for the defect is constant. Meanwhile, the P-chart tracks the proportion of defective items in a sample and is, therefore, the control chart from the list that uses attributes data.