Final answer:
Transduction is the process of acquiring antibiotic resistance through bacteriophage activity. It involves the transfer of DNA from one bacterium to another by viruses that infect bacteria.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of acquiring antibiotic resistance by means of bacteriophage activity is called transduction. In transduction, viruses that infect bacteria carry DNA from one bacterium to another. This horizontal gene transfer mechanism plays a significant role in the spread of antibiotic resistance genes within a bacterial population.