Final answer:
The sagittal plane involves forward or backward movements, the transverse plane involves rotational movements, and the frontal plane involves side-to-side movements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left halves. In the context of motion and pain, sagittal plane motion refers to forward or backward movements of the body or limbs. Examples of sagittal plane motion include bending the neck or body forward (flexion) or straightening from a flexed position (extension).
The transverse plane is a horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions. Transverse plane motion is related to rotational movements of the body or limbs. For example, twisting the body or turning the head from side to side involves transverse plane motion.
The frontal plane, also known as the coronal plane, separates the front (anterior) portion of the body or organ from the back (posterior) portion. Frontal plane motion involves movements that occur from side to side, such as bending the neck or body to the right or left (lateral flexion).