Question

When should folic acid supplementation be taken and how much is required?

a) Before conception, 400 mcg/day
b) First trimester, 600 mcg/day
c) Second trimester, 800 mcg/day
d) Third trimester, 1000 mcg/day

Answer 1

Folic acid supplementation is recommended before conception at 400 mcg/day to reduce the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida.

Step-by-step explanation:

Folic acid supplementation should be taken before conception, and the required amount is 400 mcg/day. This is essential because the early stages of pregnancy are critical for the neural tube's development, and sufficient maternal folic acid intake is necessary to reduce the risk of neurological defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly. Folic acid is a vital nutrient that participates directly in the formation of the neural tube, which occurs in the first weeks of pregnancy. The Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine reinforces this recommendation to ensure all women who might become pregnant consume adequate levels of this essential nutrient.