Final answer:
Statistical significance indicates strong evidence to support the alternative hypothesis, but further testing is needed. It does not prove the hypothesis to be true.
Step-by-step explanation:
In hypothesis testing, when the results from a test of a new drug are found to be statistically significant, it means that there is strong evidence to support the alternative hypothesis instead of the null hypothesis. However, it is important to note that statistical significance does not prove the alternative hypothesis to be true. It indicates that the results are unlikely to occur by chance, but further testing and analysis are needed to draw a conclusive answer.
For example, if a pharmaceutical company tests a new drug and finds a statistically significant difference in positive outcomes for the experimental group compared to the control group, they can reasonably conclude that the drug may be effective in treating the illness. However, they would still need to conduct additional experiments and gather more evidence to fully establish the drug's effectiveness.