Final answer:
The development of civilization and the Open Society has been primarily fueled by technological innovation, which has significantly improved the human condition globally by providing better living standards across various measures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The great advance that made possible the development of civilization and ultimately of the Open Society was technological innovation. This innovation has led to vast improvements in the quality of life for many people around the world. As most people today are better nourished, live in better housing conditions, and have access to improved healthcare and education, it is evident that technological innovation has been instrumental in these achievements. Political democracy and the recognition of human rights have certainly played a role, but without the technological framework to support such developments, the scale of these advances could not have been possible. Technological progression has enabled the establishment of infrastructures, health systems, and educational institutions, which are fundamental to the advancement of social justice.