Final answer:
Catheters are typically used in cases of urinary incontinence, anuria, and oliguria, which are conditions where normal urinary function is compromised or absent. Conditions like acute renal failure, nephritis, and neurological impacts on bladder control can necessitate catheterization.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of Health and medicine, examples of conditions that merit the use of a catheter include urinary incontinence, when normal urinary function is compromised, or when a person cannot urinate naturally due to certain conditions. Incontinence, or the loss of bladder control, is a common reason for catheterization. It can occur due to neurological conditions like Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease, as seen in elderly people, or due to nervous system control failure. Additionally, catheters may be used in cases of anuria, where there is a complete lack of urine excretion, often due to acute renal failure or nephritis. Oliguria, characterized by the excretion of urine less than 600 ml/day, can be caused by conditions such as fever, shock, vomiting, or diarrhea and might also require the use of a catheter to manage urinary function.
Normal urinary function does not warrant the use of a catheter. Conditions like dietary preferences and fluid intake, by themselves, do not typically necessitate catheterization unless they lead to complications that impair urinary function. Therefore, urinary incontinence and situations of oliguria or anuria are examples of conditions that merit use of a catheter.