Final answer:
The V-shaped papillae at the back of the tongue containing about half of the taste buds are known as circumvallate papillae.
Step-by-step explanation:
The lingual papillae arranged in a V-shape at the back of the tongue that contain about half of the taste buds are called circumvallate papillae. These papillae can be identified by their large structure surrounded by a groove and are responsible for a significant portion of gustatory transduction, with each papilla containing about 250 taste buds.