Final answer:
Alcanivorax borkumensis is an organism that can produce petroleum and biodegradation is the process in which microorganisms break down petroleum into simpler compounds.
Step-by-step explanation:
One organism that is able to produce petroleum is the bacteria Alcanivorax borkumensis. This bacteria feeds on hydrocarbons in oil droplets, breaking them down into inorganic compounds. It is often used in the cleanup of oil spills as part of the bioremediation process.
Biodegradation of petroleum refers to the natural process where microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, break down petroleum into simpler compounds. These microorganisms use the hydrocarbons in petroleum as a source of energy and produce byproducts like carbon dioxide and water.