Final answer:
Global cities are characterized by their diverse population, represented in occupational, political, and wealth segments. They are centers for international business and face challenges like congestion and pollution. Gentrification is a common issue as cities modernize and evolve.
Step-by-step explanation:
The social geography of global cities is characterized by pronounced diversity and stratification in their populations. This includes aspects such as occupational specialism, political stratification, and wealth stratification. Global cities often serve as hubs for multinational corporations and are integrated into international political, economic, and social networks. They reflect a shift from homogeneity to heterogeneity within urban populations.
Urbanization has led to the growth of cities as economic unions and trade agreements have become essential in fostering business partnerships. However, such growth also brings challenges like transportation congestion, air pollution, and management of urban services. Additionally, the process of gentrification is evident in many global cities, leading to the displacement of poorer residents as wealthier individuals renovate historically less affluent areas.