Final answer:
Active transport is falsely described as allowing molecules to pass between phospholipids. It actually moves substances across the cell membrane using energy, through specific transport proteins.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that active transport allows molecules to pass between the phospholipids is false. Active transport does not move substances between the phospholipids themselves; instead, it moves substances across the cell membrane from a low to a high concentration gradient through specific transport proteins or pumps using cellular energy, often from ATP. This process is vital for maintaining the different concentrations of ions and other substances necessary for cellular function, such as the Na+/K+ pump, which moves Na+ out of a cell and K+ into a cell. Active transport is a highly selective process that requires specific receptor shapes for the substances being transported. Unlike passive transport, which allows molecules to diffuse across a cell membrane without energy input, active transport requires energy input to create concentration gradients.