Final answer:
Sleep deprivation can negatively affect working and long-term memory and the associated brain areas, leading to decreased cognitive function and impairments in attention, decision-making, and memory recall.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sleep deprivation can have a negative impact on both working and long-term memory, as well as the areas of the brain associated with these functions. Lack of sleep can result in decreased mental alertness and cognitive function, leading to impairments in attention, decision-making, and recall of long-term memories. Sleep deprivation affects the brain's ability to form new memories and consolidate them, which can significantly impact learning and academic performance.