Final answer:
Peter the Great did not retire in Siberia, ignore it, or conquer it for the first time. Instead, he continued the Russian expansion that included making Siberia a Russian province and integrating it further into the Empire.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks about the role of Peter the Great in relation to Siberia. Peter the Great, or Peter I, was the Tsar of Russia from 1682 until his death in 1725, and he is most known for his efforts to modernize Russia. Among the actions taken to establish the Russian Empire, Peter the Great did not live out his remaining years in Siberia after retiring, nor did he ignore it. Instead, he continued the Russian territorial expansion, including into Siberia, which had been initiated by his predecessors, such as Ivan the Terrible who first annexed Siberia to Russia. Therefore, the correct answer is that Peter the Great made Siberia a Russian province (c).
During his rule, Peter the Great was heavily involved in the modernization and westernization of Russia, including the expansion of its territory. While much of Siberia was already under Russian control, due to expansion efforts from previous rulers, it continued to be an area of interest during Peter's reign and was further developed and integrated into the Russian Empire.