Final answer:
Africa's geography, history, culture, and climate are diverse and have shaped its civilizations. The Sahara desert acts as a barrier between regions and influences cultural connections. Africa's history includes the emergence of farming, migrations, and ancient civilizations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Africa's Geography and Climate
Africa is the second-largest continent on earth and has a diverse geography and climate. Its environments range from deserts to rainforests, and it is larger than commonly perceived due to the Mercator projection's distortion. The Sahara desert acts as a barrier between North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa, influencing cultural, political, and religious connections. The Sahel and tropical woodland savanna have encouraged migration and the spread of languages and technologies, such as the Bantu migrations.
Africa's History, Culture, and Climate
Human settlements in Africa date back to 200,000 years ago. With over a thousand languages and diverse ethnic groups, Africa is divided into regions, such as North Africa and Sub-Saharan Africa. The historical record of ancient Africa is affected by extreme climates, but it was a mosaic of unique civilizations. Africa's history includes the emergence of farming, Bantu migrations, the Kingdom of Kush, and the connections between North Africa, the Mediterranean, and the Trans-Saharan region.