Final answer:
Gastrointestinal symptoms of opiate withdrawal include nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea because withdrawal symptoms are often the opposite of the drug's effects. Thus, the correct answer is E) B and C.
Step-by-step explanation:
The gastrointestinal symptoms of an opiate withdrawal response include nausea and vomiting, and diarrhea. Opiates are used not only as painkillers but also found in medications for cough suppression, anti-nausea, and anti-diarrhea. Because the withdrawal symptoms are generally the opposite of the drug's effects, withdrawal from opiates, which typically slows down gastrointestinal activity, results in an overactive GI tract, hence the occurrence of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These symptoms can be severe and resemble a bad case of the flu, but they are not life-threatening. To ease withdrawal symptoms, medications like methadone or buprenorphine might be prescribed. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is E) B and C.