Question

Please choose the factors which can increase urine pH. Please be aware there may be more than one correct answer. Please choose all that apply.

A) High-protein diet
B) Vegetarian diet
C) Urinary tract infection
D) Chronic respiratory acidosis
E) Administration of ammonium chloride

Answer 1

A vegetarian diet, some urinary tract infections, and chronic respiratory acidosis are factors that can increase urine pH. High-protein diets and the administration of ammonium chloride, conversely, typically lower urine pH.

Step-by-step explanation:

The factors which can increase urine pH include:

• Vegetarian diet: Base-forming diets, such as those rich in vegetables, can make the urine more alkaline.
• Urinary tract infection: Certain infections may result in an increased urine pH due to the presence of bacteria that produce urease, an enzyme that hydrolyzes urea into ammonia, increasing alkalinity.
• Chronic respiratory acidosis: This condition leads to compensation through the kidneys by increasing bicarbonate (HCO3) reabsorption and hydrogen ion (H+) secretion, ultimately increasing urine pH.

However, administration of ammonium chloride and a high-protein diet typically lower urine pH and thus are not factors that would increase it.