Answer:
Franz Gall's theory of phrenology, developed in the late 18th century, proposed that different mental abilities and characteristics were localized in specific areas of the brain. Although phrenology itself is considered pseudoscience today, it contributed to the understanding that the brain is functionally specialized and that different regions may play distinct roles in cognitive functions and behavior.
Gall's ideas laid the groundwork for later neuroscience research that led to a more accurate understanding of brain localization and function, ultimately influencing the development of modern neurology and brain science.