Final answer:
The Tuskegee syphilis study was considered unethical by critics due to the lack of informed consent, withholding treatment, and perpetuation of racial inequality. The study exploited vulnerable populations and violated basic ethical principles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The clinical trial described in Reading 28, known as the Tuskegee syphilis study, was considered unethical by critics for several reasons. First, the participants in the study were not informed that they had syphilis, and the researchers deliberately withheld treatment for the disease even after a cure was discovered. This violated the principle of informed consent and put the participants' health at risk. Furthermore, the study disproportionately targeted African American men and perpetuated racial inequality in healthcare research.
I agree with the critics that this clinical trial was unethical. The participants were deceived about their condition and denied the opportunity to receive proper medical treatment. The study also exploited vulnerable populations and perpetuated racial discrimination in healthcare. It is important to learn from these ethical breaches and ensure that future clinical trials prioritize the well-being and rights of research subjects.