Final answer:
To determine the specific gravity of liquid X with respect to water, use a u-shaped manometer to measure the height difference in the two arms. Then, use the formula to calculate the specific gravity.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the specific gravity of liquid X with respect to water, we need to compare the density of X to the density of water. One way to measure specific gravity is by using a u-shaped manometer, which measures the difference in fluid heights in the two arms of the manometer. In this case, one arm contains liquid X and the other arm contains water. By measuring the height difference and considering the density of water, we can calculate the specific gravity of X.
Specific gravity is calculated using the formula: Specific gravity = (density of X) / (density of water)
To calculate the specific gravity, we need to know the height difference in the manometer arms and the densities of X and water. With this information, we can plug the values into the formula and calculate the specific gravity.