Final answer:
The view that focuses on the long-term advancement of self-interests in ethical analysis is called ethical egoism, which can take a strong or weak form, and is tied to rational self-interest and moral requirements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The view that focuses the ethics analysis on long-term advancement of self-interests is called ethical egoism. Specifically, this perspective is evident in strong ethical egoism, where it is deemed always right to aim at one's own greatest good. Ethical egoism asserts that it is a moral requirement to act in one's own self-interest if doing so is reasonable and rational.
There are arguments both for and against the concept of ethical egoism. Proponents argue that seeking one's own self-interest can lead to the common good, as described by economist Adam Smith. However, opponents of ethical egoism contend that it is incompatible with the effective regulation of ethical conflicts and may lead to actions that harm others when individual interests conflict.
It is important to distinguish ethical egoism from other ethical frameworks such as altruism, which values the selfless care for others, or utilitarianism, which seeks the greatest good for the greatest number. Altruism and ethical egoism often stand in contrast when evaluating the motivation behind prosocial behavior, with altruism highlighting selfless actions and ethical egoism emphasizing actions taken in one's own self-interest.