Final answer:
The statement is TRUE (A), as positivists do aim to understand the causes and effects of deviance, with social disorganization theory correlating social factors with high rates of crime and deviance.
Step-by-step explanation:
Positivists, indeed, attempt to determine the causes and effects of deviance, which makes the statement TRUE. Followers of the positivist school apply scientific methods to study deviance and often look into the social and environmental causes.
The social disorganization theory, a functionalist perspective on deviance, suggests that broad social factors, such as poverty and family disruption, are strongly correlated with social disorganization and consequently high rates of crime and delinquency. This theory proposes that a person's social environment plays a significant role in shaping their likelihood of engaging in deviant behavior.