Final answer:
The statements regarding wave-particle duality and neuron muscle control are false, while the statements about electric fields and peristalsis are true. The amplitude independence, energy increase with throwing rocks are false, and the ability to propel solar sails with solar wind is true.
Step-by-step explanation:
Wave-particle duality is a concept in quantum mechanics that suggests particles can exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties. This principle, however, is not observed on the macroscopic scale and hence the statement that 'wave-particle duality exists for objects on the macroscopic scale' is false.
When we speak of electric fields, they are indeed analogous to gravitational fields in the way that they can exert forces on objects, although the forces involved and the nature of interactions are different due to the types of charges involved for electric fields as opposed to masses for gravitational fields. As such, the characteristics of an electric field can make it analogous to the gravitational field near the surface of Earth, making this statement true.
When learning about how motors operate, it is incorrect to say that one motor neuron controls only one muscle fiber since motor neurons can actually innervate multiple muscle fibers; therefore, this statement is false. Regarding the movement of muscles, peristalsis is indeed a pattern of smooth muscle contraction that helps in the movement of contents within the gastrointestinal tract, which makes this statement true. It is also worth noting that the amplitude of a wave is not typically affected by the amplitude of another wave unless they interfere with each other precisely, therefore the given statement about amplitude is false.
Discussing energy, throwing a rock up does not increase its kinetic energy; instead, it transforms kinetic energy into potential energy as it rises and then back into kinetic energy as it falls, so this statement is false. Regarding solar sail crafts, it is indeed possible to propel them using particles within the solar wind, so this statement is true. Lastly, when examining small surface structures, a microscope designed to view extremely small details such as an electron microscope would be the best choice.
Understanding the deep structures based on the study of surface movements would be a reference to seeking insight into the underlying causes or mechanisms from observations of what is visible or detectable, which can often be true in various scientific contexts, but without a specific context to the initial question, a conclusive answer isn't applicable.