Question

In an experiment, the independent variable __________.

Option 1: Always influences the dependent variable
Option 2: Is the same for all groups in an experiment
Option 3: Is influenced by the dependent variable
Option 4: Is manipulated or varied by researchers

Answer 1

In an experiment, the independent variable is manipulated by researchers to determine its effect on the dependent variable, isolating its impact and establishing a cause-effect relationship.

Step-by-step explanation:

In an experiment, the independent variable is the factor that researchers manipulate to observe the effect on the dependent variable. This manipulation helps in establishing causality and understanding the relationship between the two. By controlling the independent variable and keeping all other potential variables (control variables) constant, scientists can isolate its effects on the dependent variable and validate their hypotheses.

An experimental study relies on a careful design where the independent variable is the only significant difference between experimental and control groups.

For instance, if a study aims to assess the impact of fertilizer on plant growth, the amount of fertilizer (the independent variable) is varied among the groups while other conditions are kept constant. The plant growth is the dependent variable that the researchers measure. Such a method ensures that any observed changes in the dependent variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable.